Stylus head carrier



g- 1942. G. P. BRUBAKER 2,293,190 I STYLUS HEAD CARRIER Filed "July 5,1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 0/ baker BY? 9 ATTORNEY Aug. 18, 1942.

G. P. BRUBAKER 2,293,190 STYLUS HEAD CARRIER Filed July 5, 1941 5Sheets-Sheet 5 'IIIIIIIIIIA INVENTOR ATTORNEY 1942 G. P. BRUBAKER2,293,190

STYLUS HEAD CARRIER Filed July 5, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN\/ ENT'OR BYZ/m/ fxowm UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE I i I "2,293,190 m smusnuncaaamaGeorge P. Brubaker, Ins

Ina, Beverly to Memovox,

poration of Ohio Angeles, Calif assignm- Hills, Call! a cor- ApplicationJul 's, 1941, Serial No. 401,138 1 12 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for the recording and reproductionof sound, and especially to apparatus of the type including a recorder.adapted to form a record groove on a suitable blank, as well as areproducer adapted for playing back the recorded material directly afterrecordation.

Such a paratus is in general well known, one form being shown anddescribed in an application filed in the name of Frank Rieber on April28, 1941, Serial Na l-190,690, and entitled Phonograph apparatus, andassigned to the same assignee as the present invention. It is one of theobjects of this invention to provide improved apparatus of thischaracter, 1 It is preferredto use for the blank on which the record isformed, a thin disc of material which may be readily embossed by therecording stylus.

Thus, it is necessary to provide mechanism to cause the recording stylusto be positively traversed across the record surface, as the recordingprogresses. Due to the shallow depth of such a record groove, it is alsodesirable to cause the reproducing stylus to be positively traversedacross the record surface.

It is another object of this invention to inter! link the motion of thereproducer with that of the recorder in a simple and effective manner,and further to provide an improved arrangement for adjusting therelative positions of the recorder and reproducer with respect to therecord groove. In this way the reproducer may be so adjusted as to be inposition to play back the immediately preceding recorded matter wheneverdesired, without the necessity of subsequent adjustments.

This invention possesses many other advantages, and has other objectswhich may be made more easily apparent from a consideration of oneembodiment of the invention. For this purpose there is shown a form inthe drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification.This form will now be described in detail, illustrating the generalprinciples of the inven tion; but it is to be understood that thisdetailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, since thescope of this invention is best defined by the appended claims,

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view, partly in section, of a phonographincorporating the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view as seen on plane 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig, 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but with the deck and certain otherparts broken away to show the operating mechanism;

5 due to lateral motion of frame I, the speed of Fig. 4 is a sideelevation partly in section as seen from the right hand side of Fig. 3,and as indicated by arrow 4 in that figure;

Fig. 5 is a detail section asseen on plane 5-5 of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 61s a plan view of the structure of Fig. 5,

, with the protective cover removed, substantially the record blank 2.

as seen on plane 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale, as seen on plane ofFig. 5;

' Fig, 8 is a fragmentary detail section as seen on plane 8-8 of Fig. 5;

Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 are fragmentary detail sections as seen on thecorrespondingly numbered planes of Fig. 7

Fig. 13 is a. transverse I3-I 3 of Fig. 12; and

Fig. 14 is a detail Il-Il of Fig. 10. g

The phonograph apparatus is provided with a turntable I adapted to carryarecord receiving section as seen on plane blank 2 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3)and supported for rotation about a vertical a ds by means of a spindlemechanism 3 (Fig. 2). Rotation is imparted to turntable I by means of afloating puck or idler 4 (Figs. 2 and 3), resiliently urged intofrictional engagement with lower face of the turntable I and the surfaceof an elongated driving roller 5, driven by any suitable source ofpower, such as a small electric motor 8 (Fig. 3). Rotation of theturntable I serves to drive a feed screw 1 (Fig. 3)

through-suitable gearing 8, the rotation of the feed screw causing aslidably supported frame or carriage 9 to move transversely with respectto the turntable I. Frame 8 by means of arm In (Figs. 1, 2 and 3)carries the recorder II, which may be preferably an electricallyoperated type recording head with a stylus I2-which bears upon Therecorder II and frame 9 are so arranged that the stylus I2 moves acrossthe recordin a substantially radial direction.

The idler or puck 4 is so carried by frame 9 that it remains in fixedlateral relationship with stylus I 2. Thus, as stylus I2 traversesrecord2,

rotation of the record 2 and the turntable I progressively ch'anges dueto the movement of idler 4 toward or away from the axis of the turntableI. In this way, a substantially constant linear speed of the record 2past the recording stylus I2 is provided.

The reproducer I4 (Figs. likewise be preferably an 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7) mayelectrical type head,

arranged for radial movement across the rec-- ord surface at someconvenient angle with the SBCtiOn as seen on plane path of the recorderhead II. The reproducer head I4 is supported by frame I5 (Figs. 6 and7), its stylus I6 engaging the surface of record 2. Reproducer I4 isconnected with frame 9 so that it moves simultaneously with recorder II,this connecting means being so arranged that the reproducer follows therecorder in the rec- 0rd groove with a small adjustable amount of lag.Means are provided for optionally lifting either stylus out of contactwith the record, as well as disconnecting frame 9 from the feed screw,and stopping rotation of the turntable I.

As Nearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the entire apparatus is secured toa rectangular deck plate 20, which may be supported in any convenientmanner. Secured to plate 20 beneath opposite end edges thereof by anysuitable means are frame members 22 and 23 (see particularly Figs. 3 and4). Tubular members 24, 25 and 26 extend between frames 22 and 23, theends of these members being secured in the frames 22 and 23 in anyconvenient manner.

These members 24, 25 and 26 serve to support various parts of themechanism.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the turntable I may be secured to the spindleproper 30 of spindle mechanism 3 as by being attached to a plate 3I onspindle 30 in any convenient manner. Spindle 30 is supported at itslower end on a single ball 34 forming a thrust bearing and resting on anadjustable plug 35 in the bottom of a hous ing 36. Spindle 30 isradially guided by a long bearing sleeve 31 formed in the top cover 38of a housing 36, This housing is seen to best advantage in Fig. 2.Housing 36 is secured to tubular members 24 and 25 by means of splitarms 39 and 40 (see Fig. 3) through which members 24, 25 respectivelypass. Set screws 4| serve to clamp the arms about their respectivesupports.

The record member 2 may be ofthe form described in a prior applicationfiled in the name of Frank Rieber, on September 19, 1939, Serial No.295,613, and entitled Sound record carrier. Such a record may be verythin, having a thickness of the order of .015.

A pin 42 is provided in plate 3I extending upwardly through a suitableopening in the turntable I to engage opening 44 in record 2, forensuring that the record 2 rotates with turntable I.

The recorder II is of a conventional electrical type and includes acasing 45 (Figs. 1 and 2) enclosing the actuating mechanism from whichstylus I2 projects. Casing 45 is suitably secured as by screws 46 in arm41 which in turn is pivotally carried at 49 by the arm I0 on frame 9(see Fig. 1). v,

A bracket 56 in arm I0 rotatably carries a shaft 65 which has a smalloperating or thumb lever 66 at its outer end. A cam 61 is pinned onshaft 65 and is adapted to engage a push rod 68 pivotally connected asby a clevis 69 to an ear on arm 41.

If it is desired to raise stylus I2 above the record surface, cam 61 isturned approximately 90 clockwise by means of handle 66, bringing thehigh part of cam 61 into contact with rod 66 and swinging arm 41upwardly about its pivot 49 in arm I0 and raising recorder II.

As previously mentioned, arm I0 is carried by the carriage structure 9.Thus the arm I0 includes a vertical column-like portion 90 terminatingin a foot 9I which rests on the carriage 9. A long stud 92 passesdownwardly through column 90 and threadedly engages carriage 9, a capnut 93 serving to secure the arm I0 on the carriage. Suitable dowel pins(not shown) are provided to prevent the arm I0 rotating about the stud92 as a pivot.

The carriage 9 is of a triangular or A-shaped form as shown in Fig. 3and is slidably supported at each of its extremities on the tubularmembers '25, 26. i

The mechanism for advancing carriage 9 as the recording progresses willnow be described in detail. Due to the thinness of the record 2 which itis intended to use, it is preferable to have the recording proceed'fromnear the center toward the periphery of the record 2 to ensure againstbuckling (in the direction indicated by arrow II5, Fig. 1).

As clearly shown in Fig. 3, lead screw 1 extends from near the spindlestructure 3 to frame 22. One end of the lead screw I is rotatablysupported in a suitable bushing H6 in frame 22, the other end beingsuppported in a similar bushing H1 in the housing 36.

Mounted on lead screw I near one end thereof so as to be disposed withinhousing 36 is a gear wheel IIB having spiral teeth adapted to engage theteeth of a cooperating spiral pinion II9 secured on spindle 30.Accordingly, the lead screw 1 is driven by the turntable spindle, andthe angular motion of screw I is at all times proportional to theangular motion of the turntable I. By appropriate choice of the pitch ofthe threads on lead screw 1 and of the ratio between gears H8, H9, thepitch of the grooves formed on record 2 may be of anydesired value.Further, by altering the direction of rotation of the lead screw' 1, orof the screw threads on the lead screw, the recording could be'formedfrom the periphery of the record inwardly.

As previously pointed out, rotation of the lead screw produces acorresponding movement of the recorder I I. This is accomplished by theaid of a feed nut I20 carried by the carriage or frame 9.

The nut I20 has a pair of fragmentary internally threaded and axiallyspaced bands I2I and I22, joined by a yoke I23. Bands I2I and I22 occupyoppositely disposed angular portions of a complete circumference, so asto engage the threads of lead screw I on diametrically opposite portionsthereof. In this way a rotation of yoke I23 about an axis I24 radial toscrew 1 serves either to engage or disengage the threads of bands I2Iand I22 with or from thethreads of screw I.

In order to permit such rotation, as well as to connect the nut I20operatively to carriage 9 so that movement of the nut I20 will advancethe carriage, a shaft I25 is fastened to ,yoke I23. Shaft I25 issupported for rotation aboutaxis I24 by a guide I26, secured to carriage9, in any convenient manner.

Shaft I25 is resiliently urged about its axis I24 to move theinterrupted bands I2I and I22 into engagement with lead screw I. Thismay be accomplished for example by the aid of a tension spring I35, oneend of which is secured to crank arm I31, the other end being anchoredto a post I36 on carriage 9. When it is desired to disengage the nut I20from screw 1, the shaft I25 is turned counterclockwise through a smallangle, as viewed from the top. The means for accomplishing this will bedescribed hereinafter.

The mechanism for rotating the turntable I will now be described (seeFigs. 2 and 3). As previously mentioned the source of power for thisaaoafeo rotation may be an electric motor 6 (Fig. 3). The shaft or motor6 carries a small pulley I40 connected by belt I to a large pulley I42mounted on one end of shaft I43 which shaft carries drum 5. Shaft I43 isrotatably supported in frame 23 by a suitable bushing I44. The other endI55 of shaft I43 is journalled in the bushing II 1 supported by housing36. The lead screw 1 and shaft I43 together with driving roller arecoaxial. The idler 4 is in' driving relation with roller 5 (which may beof metal) as well as with the underside of table I. Idler 4 may have aresilient rim I45 of rubber or other suitable material. An opening I46is formed in plate 20 to permit the idler 4 to engage the underside oftable I.

The idler 4 is freely rotatable on stub shaft I41 which is secured onarm I48, slidable with respect to frame 9. Thus arm I48 is pivoted in aninverted U-shaped link I49 which in turn is pivotally attached to a lugI50 on frame 9 (see Fig- 3). .The rear end of bar I48 is slidablebefirst lifts the recording stylus I2 from the record surface, thenstops rotation of the turntable I, and finally frees the nut I20 fromthe feed screw 1.

The reproducer or playback head I4 is arranged to traverse the record 2in a direction tween 9. pair of cylindrical posts I51 and I52, eachsecured to the top of frame 9 by a screw I53. A bar I54 joints the topsof posts I5I, I52. The idler 4 is urged resiliently toward the right,into the driving position, by the aid of a tension spring I56, one endof which is secured to the pivoted link I49, the other end beinganchored to a post I51 on carriage 9. When it is desired to disconnectthe drive to the table I bar I48 is moved toward the left, from theposition of Fig. 3. Convenient means are provided for lifting therecording stylus I2 from the record 2, as well as to stop rotation ofthe turntable I, and disengage the feed nut I20 from the feed screw 1.Thus, the position of the recorder as well as the reproducer on therecord may be adjusted.

This control mechanism will now be described. As best shown in Figs.land 3, a vertical shaft I60 is rotatably supported within column 90.This shaft carries a crank arm I63, to which is pivotally attached aclevis I64. A connecting rod I65 is in turn pivotally attached at oneend to clevis" I64 and at the other end to crank 83 which is mounted onthe end of the cam shaft 65 (Fig. 1). Thus when crank 83 is rotated bymovement of lever 66, rotation .is imparted to shaft I60.

When lever 66 is in the forward horizontal position of the drawings, therecorder stylus I2 is in contact with the record, as previouslydescribed, and crank 83 is perpendicularly upward with respect to lever66. When lever 66 is moved through 90 to raise the recorder head, crank83 by means of the described connections swings shaft I 60 in aclockwise direction about its axis. Shaft I60 carries a lever I66 (Fig.'3) near its lower end to which is pivoted one end of a link I61. Theother, or left hand end, of link I61 op-- erates a lever I68 pivoted ona post I69 on the top of frame 9. The free end of lever I68 is arrangedto cooperate with a stop I secured to the top of bar I48. Sufficientclearance must be provided between stop I10 and lever I68 to ensure thatthe recording stylus I2 is clear of the surface of record 2 before theidler 4 is driving engagement.

It is necessary that this movement of thumb moved out of lever 66 alsodisengage feed nut I from feed screw 1. In order to accomplish this,shaft I60 carries another crank I13 to which one end of a link I14 isconnected. The opposite end of link I14 is slidably supported in abracket I15carried by frame 9. The free extremity of link I14 istransverse to the direction of movement of the recorder 'I I, and asindicated by arrow I8I, Fig. 1.

- The reproducer I4 may also be of the electrical type, having a stylusI6, which may be permitted at will to rest upon the record 2 by gravity.Reproducer I4 has a rearwardly extending shank I82 (see Figs. 2 and 7)adapted to be secured in A counterweight I is secured to the rear end'of tube I83 and forms a shoulder I9I, between which and block I84 acompression spring I92 is accommodated. Spring I92 acts to urge tube I83axially in block I84, causing pin, I86 to engage notch I85. This servesto maintain the stylus I6 in a plane normal to the record surface. Ifdesired, the head I4 may be lifted slightly and togetherwith tube I83rotated half a turn about the axis of the tube. This turns the head I4over with the stylus I6 on top, the pin I86 and notch I85 serving tomaintain it in this position, when such operations as replacement orrepair of parts may be effected.

Block I84 is mounted for universal movement with respect to supportingframe I (Figs. '1 and 9), by an inverted T-shaped hanger I96. The.

vertical leg I91 of this hanger passes through a hole I 98 in carriageor frame I95 and is supported by means of adjustable pintle or bearingscrews 202 carried by the block and engaging the ends of part 20I. Theblock I84 and hanger I96 form a freely adjustable universal joint forthe reproducer arm assembly, permitting the reproducer stylus I6 tofollow any minor vagaries of the record groove.

Carriage I95 is slidably supported on rods 205, 206 of frame I5 (Figs.5, 6 and 7) for movement parallel to the surface of record 2. These rodsare mounted in arms 201, 208 secured to the back frame member 22 andoverhanging the deck plate 20. A sheet metal cover plate 209 for thisdescribed mechanism is supported on arms 201, 208. 0

Means .are provided to move carriage I95 along,

short tube 2 is mounted in suitable/bores formed in carriage I95; oneend of the tube havbraces tube I83.

ing a flange 2I2 and being partially closed by a wall 2I3. The eccentric2I0 is secured on the other end of tube 2 as by a set screw 2I5 so as toretain tube 2 on carriage I95. -A bar 2l6 normally rests on theeccentric 2I0.

A U-shaped strap 2II (Figs. '7, 10 and 14) is pivoted at 2I8 to carriageI95 and loosely em- The bar 2 I6 is pinned to strap 2" by means of screw22I. Rotation of eccentric 2I0 from the position of Fig. 7 will swingstrap 2II upwardly aboutits pivot 2I8, the strap engaging tube I83 andswinging the reproducer upwardly about pivots 202. Since it is necessaryto prevent lateral displacement of the reproducer I4 relative tocarriage I95 when it is suspended above the record, the lower end ofstrap 2H is provided with a deep V-notch 220, the sides of which areadapted to engage tube I83 and hold it against sideward movement.

When strap 2I'l is in its lower position so that the reproducer stylusI6 supports reproducer I4 on the record, the strap is sufficiently-belowarm I83, to provide clearance between the arm I83 and notch 220, so thatthe arm and reproducer may have a certain amount of free lateralmovement. To provide for accurately adjusting this clearance, theangular position of bar 2l6 with respect to strap 2H may be adjusted byloosening the screw 22I.

For conveniently rotating eccentric 2I0 to raise or lower reproducer I4,a knob225 (Fig. 6) is provided on the exterior of cover 209. Knob 225 ismounted on one end of a shaft 226 which is rotatably supported in theadjacent portion of cover 209. Shaft 226 passes through the end wall 2I3of tube 2| I, so as to be splined therein and supported thereby, wherebyrotation of the shaft 226 will rotate the tube 2 together with theeccentric 2I0. For example, shaft 226 may be square for almost itsentire length, and wall 2I3 provided with a corresponding square hole.

The reproducer I4 is made automatically to follow the traversing motionof the recorder II by means of a flexible element or cable 230 (seeFigs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) to which the reproducer and the recorder areboth joined. This element 230 is appropriately guided by suitablepulleys supported on the frame members.

Thus, a guide pulley 23I is rotatably supported near the end of tubularframe member 26 (see Figs. 3 and 4); similar pulleys 235 and 235 aresupported near the middle of member 26 by a bracket 231 (see also Fig.5). The top reach of element 230 passes between pulleys 23I and 235 andis secured to carriage 9 by a suitable clamp 233 carried on member IIO,which serves as one of the supporting elements of the carriage. Thelower reach of element 230 passes between pulleys 23I and pulleys 236, aslot 234 being provided in member IIO to permit it to move freely withrespect to the carriage. Cable 230 passes around pulleys 235 and 236 andupward to similar pulleys 238 and 239 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7), rotatablysupported in the end of arm support 208. Element 230 passes from pulley238 parallel with rod 206 and freely in front of carriage I95 to apulley 240 mounted in the end of arm 201; thence from pulley 240 alongthe rear of bar 206 to pulley 239, being secured to carriage I95 in anyconvenient way. Thus, as frame 9 carries recorder II transversely of therecord, a movement in the same sense and equal in amount is imparted toreproducer I4.

It may be desirable to vary the distance relative to the record grooveby which the reproducer I4 follows the recorder II.

'254 for receiving cable 230.

It is possible to make such adjustment by appropriate manipulation ofclamp 233, or the means securing cable 230 to carriage I95, but asimpler and more accurate method is desirable. A convenient way in whichsuch lag can be varied will now be described.

By referring to Figs. 6, 7, 12 and 13, it will be seen that a threadedbar 245 is rotatably supported on carriage I95 adjacent cable 230. Bar245 has a portion 246 of reduced diameter at one end rotatably carriedin a suitable opening 241 in one side member 258 of carriage I95. Theopposite end of bar 245 has a similar reduced portion 248 rotatablymounted in a bushing 249. Bushing 249 has an outside diameter slightlyin excess of the diameter of bar 245 and is secured in a suitableopening 250 in the other side member 259 of carriage I85, in anyconvenient manner, fonexample as by a set screw 25I. The purpose ofbushing 249 is to permit assembly of bar 245 on the carriage I95. Sidemembers 258 and 259 are joined by a sleeve or tubular piece 266 whichslidably supports the carriage on bar 206.

A nut 252 threadedly engages bar 245 and has an extension 253 with ahorizontal groove Nut 252 may be secured to move with the cable 230 bymeans of a screw 255 arranged to press a washer 256 against cable 230,the cable thus being clamped between the washer 256 and the bottom ofgroove 254. Thus, nut 252 is moved by. movement of cable 230, and due tothe connection between nut 252 and carriage I by bar 245, the car- Iriage will be moved by the cable.

Obviously, rotation of bar 245 will cause nut 252 to move relative tocarriage I95, which alters the position of carriage I95 with respect tocable 230, and hence with respect to carriage 9. Thus, the position ofreproducer I4 with respect to the recorder II is altered, varying theamount of lag between the reproducer and recorder with respect to therecord groove.

To prevent any rotational movement of nut 252 when bar 245 is rotated, aguide bar 251 slidably supports the nut.

To provide for convenient rotation of the threaded bar 245, a knob 210adjacent knob 225 is provided. Knob 210 is mounted on a shaft 2',rotatably supported in cover 209 similarly to shaft 226. Shaft 2' passesthrough bar 245 so as to be supported thereby, and is splined therein,so that the bar may slide along the shaft as the carriage I95 moves.Thus shaft 2'" may be square for most of its length, bar 245 beingprovided with a corresponding square hole 212 for receiving the shaft.

By appropriate setting of the lag of reproducer I4 it is possible toreproduce the immediately preceding recorded matter at any time bysimply lifting the recorder I I, and by dropping reproducer I4 to activeposition. Then by appropriate electrical switching, the reproducer I4may be placed into electrical operation. During recording thereproducing head I4 may be raised by appropriate manipulation of theknob 225.

It may be required to make it possible to set the reproducer I4 so thatit complies with a desired portion of the record disc 2. Logging cardsmay be used for this purpose, upon which may be indicated the materialthat is recorded. Thus for example the reproducer carriage I95 may havea projection 260 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) extending through a slot 26I in thecover member I these graduations on the record coHe sponding to the cardin use.

The card 263 may be utilized, during the process of recording, fornotation of the recorded material, since the pointer 262 alsocorresponds to the position of the recorder II.

The card 263 may be held appropriately in place on cover member 209(Figs. 1 and 28) as by the aid of a spring pressed button 266.

As previously mentioned, one end of shaft 2" is rotatably supported in aportion of cover 209, and this support also secures the shaft 2" againstaxial movement. Referring to Fig. 8, it

I will be seen that the end portion 212 of shaft 21! is of circularcross section. Knob 210 has a bushing 213 secured therein adapted to fitover this circular portion 212 and which extends through a suitableopening 214 in cover 209, thus rotatably supporting the knob 210 andshaft 21L A set screw 215 serves to secure the knob 210 and bushing 213on shaft 2". Confined between the shoulder on shaft 2" formed where thecircular portion 212 meets the square portion of the shaft and the outerface of bushing 213 is a washer 216. This washer 216 cooperates with hub211 on knob 210 to prevent axial movement of shaft 2". Shaft 226 andknob 225 are arranged in a similar-manner.

What is claimed is:

1. In a phonograph, a recorder and a reproducer adapted for cooperationwith a record, a pair of guided movable carriages respectively carryingthe recorder and the reproducer, a flexible element, means connectingsaid carriages to said element for simultaneous movement, one of saidconnecting means including a pair of threadedly engaged membersrespectively carried by said element and the associated carriage, andmeans for rotating one of said members, whereby the position of saidcarriage with respect to the element may be altered.

2. In a phonograph, a recorder and areproducer adapted for cooperationwith a record, a pair of movable carriages respectively carrying therecorder and the reproducer, guide means for each of said carriages,said guide for the recorder being arranged to guide the movement of therecorder carriage at an angle with the movement of the reproducercarriage, means to positively move one of said carriages, a flexibleelement joining the carriages whereby move ment of said one carriage isimparted to the other carriage, and means whereby the relative positionsof said carriages with respect to said element may be altered,comprising a threaded member carried by one carriage and serving toconnect said carriage with, said element.

3. In a phonograph including a sound head I adapted for cooperation witha record, a guided movable carriage for said head, a flexible elementfor moving said carriage having at least a portion extending in thedirection of movement of the carriage, a pair of threadedly cooperatingmembers respectively attached to said carriage and said element, theaxis of said members extending generally in said direction of movement,

and means for causing relative rotation between the threaded members,whereby the carriage is moved along the element.

4. In a phonograph including a sound head adapted for cooperationwith arecord, a guided movable carriage for said head, a flexible element formoving said carriage having at least a portion extending in thedirection of movement of the carriage, said carriage including a pair ofspaced side members, a threaded bar hav- -ing pintles at opposite endsfor rotatably suption extending parallel with said guides, adjustablemeans connecting said carriage and said element for simultaneousmovement, said means including-a rotatable member for altering therelative positions of said carriage and said element upon rotation, ashaft splined in said' rotatable member,and means forming a bearing inthe frame for one end of said shaft.

6. In a phonograph, means forming a guide ord, said means including abar, said carriage having spaced side members joined by a sleeveslidable along said bar,'a flexible element parallel with said barpassing through side members and closely spaced from said sleeve, athreaded bar extending between the side members and rotatably supportedthereby, a nut threadedly engaging said bar, means securing said nut tothe flexible element, and a guide for the nut.

7. In a phonograph, a sound head, a. guided movable carriage, a shank onthe sound head, and means supporting the shank on said carriage, saidmeans permitting universal movement between the shank and the carriage.-

8. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record,a guided movable carriage, a shank on the sound head, a block rotatablysupporting said shank, means on said carriage supporting said head formovement in a plane normal to the record, said'shank and said blockhaving cooperating detent means for positioning the sound head for usewith the record.

I 9. In a, phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with arecord, a guided movable carriage, a member supported on the carriagefor movement about an axis, a block supported by said member formovement about an axis perpendicular to the first mentioned axis, meanssupporting the sound head in said block, and a counterweight for saidsound head.

10. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record,a guided movable carriage, a member supported on the carriage formovement about an axis, 'a block supported by said member for movementabout an axis perpendicular to the first mentioned axis, meanssupporting the sound head in said block, including a shank, a U-shapedstrap pivotallysupported at its upper end on said carriage and embracingthe shank, centering means for the shank carried by said strap, andmeans on said carriage to swing the strap about its pivot to engage theshank and lift the sound head.

11. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record,a guided movable carriage, a block supported on the carriagefor 7 6aaasjeo universal movement with respect thereto, means rotatablysupporting the sound head in said block, and detent means limiting therotation of the sound head to approximately 180.

12. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record;a guided movable carriage, a block supported on the carriage, meansforming a shank on the sound head, said block supporting the shank foraxial as well as rotational movement, means forming a projection on saidshank, means resiliently urging said projection against the face of theblock, there being angularly spaced depressions formed in the face ofthe block for engaging said projection and restricting rotation of theshank.

GEORGE P. BRUBAKER.

